Eswatini, Africa’s last absolute monarchy, is holding parliamentary elections on Monday amid growing calls for democratic reforms and an end to the king’s rule.
The elections are seen as a test of King Mswati III’s grip on power, as he faces mounting criticism from pro-democracy activists, trade unions, civil society groups, and opposition parties.
The king, who has ruled the landlocked country since 1986, appoints the prime minister and cabinet, controls the judiciary and security forces, and owns most of the land and mineral resources. He also has 15 wives and more than 20 children.
The parliament, which comprises 65 members elected from 59 constituencies and six appointed by the king, has little influence over policy and legislation. The constitution bars political parties from participating in the elections, forcing candidates to run as independents.
Critics say the elections are a sham and a rubber stamp for the king’s decisions. They accuse him of mismanaging the economy, violating human rights, and suppressing dissent.
In recent months, thousands of people have taken to the streets to demand political reforms, including introducing a multiparty system, a constitutional monarchy, and an elected head of state.
Security forces have met the protests with a violent crackdown and have used tear gas, rubber bullets, and live ammunition to disperse the crowds. Several people have been killed and injured, while dozens have been arrested and charged with terrorism and sedition.
The government has defended the elections as free and fair, saying they reflect the will of the people and their unique culture. It has also dismissed the protesters as a minority of troublemakers influenced by foreign interests.
The international community has expressed concern over the situation in Eswatini and urged dialogue between the government and the opposition. The Southern African Development Community (SADC), a regional bloc that includes Eswatini, has sent a team of observers to monitor the elections.
Analysts say the elections are unlikely to bring any significant change to the political landscape of Eswatini, as the king retains his absolute authority. They say only sustained pressure from within and outside the country can force him to embrace democratic reforms.
However, some observers also note that the elections could provide an opportunity for dialogue and engagement between different stakeholders and a platform for raising awareness about the need for change.
Source: Al Jazeera
